Osteoporosis is a common bone disease that causes bones to become weak and brittle, making them easier to break. It happens when bones lose minerals like calcium faster than the body can replace them.
Who gets osteoporosis?
Women are more likely to develop osteoporosis because women's bones are generally smaller and lighter than men's. After menopause, women lose estrogen, which helps protect bone.
Older adults also have a higher risk as they age because bones may thin and become less dense over time.
People with certain diseases or who take certain medications long-term may also be at higher risk.
What are the symptoms of osteoporosis?
Often there are no obvious symptoms until a fracture occurs. Some warning signs can be:
Loss of height over time
Stooped posture or curved upper back
Fractures from minor bumps or falls
How is osteoporosis diagnosed?
Doctors can use several methods to test bone strength:
Bone mineral density (BMD) tests like DXA scans measure bone loss.
Blood and urine tests can check for issues impacting bone health.
X-rays can help check for fractures or thin bones.
How can you prevent and treat osteoporosis?
Get enough calcium and vitamin D from foods or supplements to help strengthen bones.
Exercise regularly - weight-bearing activities that make you work against gravity are best.
Don't smoke, limit alcohol, and eat a balanced diet with plenty of bone-healthy nutrients.
Medications like bisphosphonates can help slow bone loss and reduce fracture risk if needed.
The key is being proactive about bone health throughout life. It's never too early or late to take steps to maintain strong bones! Monitoring any changes and getting appropriate screenings, nutrition, and activity can all keep osteoporosis at bay.