Cognitive decline refers to a gradual worsening of mental functions like memory, reasoning, attention, language, etc. It is a normal part of aging, but can also signal underlying medical conditions.
As we grow older, our brain and its abilities slowly deteriorate. Subtle changes begin in our 30s and 40s. More noticeable decline often starts in our 60s and beyond.
What causes cognitive decline?
- Normal aging - Our brain shrinks with age. Nerve cells die off, and connections between cells decrease. These changes eventually impair cognition.
- Medical conditions - Heart disease, diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, etc. can damage blood vessels in the brain and accelerate decline.
- Lifestyle factors - Lack of physical and mental activity, social isolation, sleep deprivation, smoking, and excessive drinking can all contribute.
What are the early signs of cognitive decline?
Some typical signs are:
- Forgetting familiar words or names
- Trouble retaining newly learned information
- Difficulty focusing, organizing tasks, or planning
- Taking longer to do routine tasks
- Losing things often
- Decreased ability to gauge time or sequence
Subtler social changes like withdrawing from family/friends or decreased judgment can also indicate early decline.
How can we prevent or delay cognitive decline?
- Remain physically active - Exercise improves blood flow and new cell growth in the brain.
- Engage in regular mentally stimulating activities - Read books, take classes, play games, learn new skills. This strengthens connections between brain cells.
- Eat a healthy diet - Especially one rich in vegetables, berries, and omega-3 fatty acids. These provide antioxidants that protect brain cells.
- Get enough quality sleep.
- Manage medical issues carefully - Rigorously control conditions like diabetes, high blood pressure, cholesterol, etc.
- Stay socially engaged - Social interaction seems to benefit the aging brain.
- Some recommend dietary supplements like vitamin E, ginkgo, coconut oil, etc. But more research is needed to confirm their protective effects.
In summary, cognitive decline is common with advancing age but not inevitable. While we can't completely stop decline, through healthy lifestyles, we can slow the process and preserve mental sharpness for longer. Consult a doctor at the Vibrance Health at the earliest sign of impairment for evaluation. Addressing underlying factors, if present, may improve symptoms or delay progression.